The 1968 Kerner Commission, formally known as the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, was established by President Lyndon B. Johnson in response to a series of race-related riots and civil unrest that occurred in major U.S. cities during the mid-1960s. The commission, chaired by Illinois Governor Otto Kerner, was tasked with investigating the root causes of the riots and proposing solutions to address the underlying social and economic issues that fueled them. In its final report, the commission identified systemic racism and poverty as major factors in the unrest and called for significant investments in job creation, affordable housing, and education in Black communities. The report also called for reforms to law enforcement practices and greater efforts to address racial discrimination in employment, education, and the criminal justice system. Despite the commission's recommendations, many of its proposals were not implemented, and the issues it identified have continued to shape debates over racial inequality and social justice in the United States.